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<dt style="float: left; width: 6em; font-weight: bold">Revision</dt> <dd><a style="font-weight: bold" href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/54362">54362</a><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"EmailMessage","description":"Review this Commit","action":{"@type":"ViewAction","url":"https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/54362","name":"Review Commit"}}</script></dd>
<dt style="float: left; width: 6em; font-weight: bold">Author</dt> <dd>SergeyBiryukov</dd>
<dt style="float: left; width: 6em; font-weight: bold">Date</dt> <dd>2022-09-30 00:38:58 +0000 (Fri, 30 Sep 2022)</dd>
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<pre style='padding-left: 1em; margin: 2em 0; border-left: 2px solid #ccc; line-height: 1.25; font-size: 105%; font-family: sans-serif'>Code Modernization: Fix null to non-nullable deprecation in `WP_Theme_JSON::get_property_value()`.

This commit aims to fix errors caused by incorrect usage of the `strncmp()` function inside the `WP_Theme_JSON::get_property_value()` method on PHP 8.1 and above.

Some history of the affected code:
* <a href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/50973">[50973]</a> introduced the `WP_Theme_JSON::get_property_value()` method.
* <a href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/54162">[54162]</a> removed the `$default` parameter from the `_wp_array_get()` call in the method.

With the latter change, the default value that is returned if the path does not exist within the array, or if `$array` or `$path` are not arrays, became `null` instead of an empty string. Since `null` would then be unintentionally passed to the `strncmp()` function further in the code, this caused ~35 errors in the test suite along the lines of:
{{{
1) Tests_Blocks_Editor::test_get_block_editor_settings_theme_json_settings
strncmp(): Passing null to parameter <a href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/1">#1</a> ($string1) of type string is deprecated

/var/www/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php:1754
/var/www/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php:1641
/var/www/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php:2066
/var/www/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php:1002
/var/www/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php:898
/var/www/src/wp-includes/global-styles-and-settings.php:140
/var/www/src/wp-includes/block-editor.php:421
/var/www/tests/phpunit/tests/blocks/editor.php:388
/var/www/vendor/bin/phpunit:123
}}}

This commit includes:
* Restoring the `$default` value for `_wp_array_get()` call.
* Adding an early return if the value is an empty string or `null`.
* Adding a dedicated unit test to ensure that the method returns a string for invalid paths or `null` values.

Follow-up to <a href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/50973">[50973]</a>, <a href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/54162">[54162]</a>.

Props antonvlasenko, jrf, imadarshakshat, SergeyBiryukov.
Fixes <a href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/56620">#56620</a>.</pre>

<h3>Modified Paths</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="#trunksrcwpincludesclasswpthemejsonphp">trunk/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php</a></li>
<li><a href="#trunktestsphpunitteststhemewpThemeJsonphp">trunk/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJson.php</a></li>
</ul>

</div>
<div id="patch">
<h3>Diff</h3>
<a id="trunksrcwpincludesclasswpthemejsonphp"></a>
<div class="modfile"><h4 style="background-color: #eee; color: inherit; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1.3em; font-size: 115%">Modified: trunk/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php</h4>
<pre class="diff"><span>
<span class="info" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">--- trunk/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php     2022-09-29 20:01:56 UTC (rev 54361)
+++ trunk/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json.php       2022-09-30 00:38:58 UTC (rev 54362)
</span><span class="lines" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">@@ -1709,8 +1709,13 @@
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">         * @return string|array Style property value.
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">         */
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">        protected static function get_property_value( $styles, $path, $theme_json = null ) {
</span><del style="background-color: #fdd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">-                $value = _wp_array_get( $styles, $path );
</del><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+         $value = _wp_array_get( $styles, $path, '' );
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> 
</span><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+                if ( '' === $value || null === $value ) {
+                       // No need to process the value further.
+                       return '';
+               }
+
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">                 /*
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">                 * This converts references to a path to the value at that path
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">                 * where the values is an array with a "ref" key, pointing to a path.
</span></span></pre></div>
<a id="trunktestsphpunitteststhemewpThemeJsonphp"></a>
<div class="modfile"><h4 style="background-color: #eee; color: inherit; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1.3em; font-size: 115%">Modified: trunk/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJson.php</h4>
<pre class="diff"><span>
<span class="info" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">--- trunk/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJson.php   2022-09-29 20:01:56 UTC (rev 54361)
+++ trunk/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJson.php     2022-09-30 00:38:58 UTC (rev 54362)
</span><span class="lines" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">@@ -2997,6 +2997,54 @@
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">        }
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> 
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">        /**
</span><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+         * Tests that get_property_value() static method returns an empty string
+        * if the path is invalid or the value is null.
+        *
+        * Also, tests that PHP 8.1 "passing null to non-nullable" deprecation notice
+        * is not thrown when passing the value to strncmp() in the method.
+        *
+        * The notice that we should not see:
+        * `Deprecated: strncmp(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string1) of type string is deprecated`.
+        *
+        * @dataProvider data_get_property_value_should_return_string_for_invalid_paths_or_null_values
+        *
+        * @ticket 56620
+        *
+        * @covers WP_Theme_JSON::get_property_value
+        *
+        * @param array $styles An array with style definitions.
+        * @param array $path   Path to the desired properties.
+        *
+        */
+       public function test_get_property_value_should_return_string_for_invalid_paths_or_null_values( $styles, $path ) {
+               $reflection_class = new ReflectionClass( WP_Theme_JSON::class );
+
+               $get_property_value_method = $reflection_class->getMethod( 'get_property_value' );
+               $get_property_value_method->setAccessible( true );
+               $result = $get_property_value_method->invoke( null, $styles, $path );
+
+               $this->assertSame( '', $result );
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Data provider for test_get_property_value_should_return_string_for_invalid_paths_or_null_values().
+        *
+        * @return array
+        */
+       public function data_get_property_value_should_return_string_for_invalid_paths_or_null_values() {
+               return array(
+                       'empty string' => array(
+                               'styles' => array(),
+                               'path'   => array( 'non_existent_path' ),
+                       ),
+                       'null'         => array(
+                               'styles' => array( 'some_null_value' => null ),
+                               'path'   => array( 'some_null_value' ),
+                       ),
+               );
+       }
+
+       /**
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">          * Testing that dynamic properties in theme.json that refer to other dynamic properties in a loop
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">         * should be left untouched.
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">         *
</span><span class="lines" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">@@ -3084,7 +3132,6 @@
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">                $this->assertSame( $expected, $theme_json->get_stylesheet() );
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">        }
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> 
</span><del style="background-color: #fdd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">-
</del><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">         /**
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">         * @dataProvider data_get_layout_definitions
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px">         *
</span></span></pre>
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