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<title>[51050] trunk/src/wp-includes/option.php: Docs: Improve documentation for `get_option()`.</title>
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<dt style="float: left; width: 6em; font-weight: bold">Revision</dt> <dd><a style="font-weight: bold" href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/51050">51050</a><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"EmailMessage","description":"Review this Commit","action":{"@type":"ViewAction","url":"https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/51050","name":"Review Commit"}}</script></dd>
<dt style="float: left; width: 6em; font-weight: bold">Author</dt> <dd>azaozz</dd>
<dt style="float: left; width: 6em; font-weight: bold">Date</dt> <dd>2021-05-31 23:59:16 +0000 (Mon, 31 May 2021)</dd>
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<pre style='padding-left: 1em; margin: 2em 0; border-left: 2px solid #ccc; line-height: 1.25; font-size: 105%; font-family: sans-serif'>Docs: Improve documentation for `get_option()`. Clean up, clarify the returned types and the exceptions, and add few examples.
Props ReneHermi, johnbillion, azaozz
See <a href="https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/51278">#51278</a></pre>
<h3>Modified Paths</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="#trunksrcwpincludesoptionphp">trunk/src/wp-includes/option.php</a></li>
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<h3>Diff</h3>
<a id="trunksrcwpincludesoptionphp"></a>
<div class="modfile"><h4 style="background-color: #eee; color: inherit; margin: 1em 0; padding: 1.3em; font-size: 115%">Modified: trunk/src/wp-includes/option.php</h4>
<pre class="diff"><span>
<span class="info" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">--- trunk/src/wp-includes/option.php 2021-05-31 20:56:22 UTC (rev 51049)
+++ trunk/src/wp-includes/option.php 2021-05-31 23:59:16 UTC (rev 51050)
</span><span class="lines" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">@@ -9,16 +9,59 @@
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> /**
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> * Retrieves an option value based on an option name.
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> *
</span><del style="background-color: #fdd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">- * If the option does not exist or does not have a value, then the return value
- * will be false. This is useful to check whether you need to install an option
- * and is commonly used during installation of plugin options and to test
- * whether upgrading is required.
</del><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+ * If the option does not exist, and a default value is not provided,
+ * boolean false is returned. This could be used to check whether you need
+ * to initialize an option during installation of a plugin, however that
+ * can be done better by using {@see add_option} which will not overwrite
+ * existing options.
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> *
</span><del style="background-color: #fdd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">- * If the option was serialized then it will be unserialized when it is returned.
</del><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+ * Not initializing an option and using the boolean false as a return value
+ * is a bad practice as it triggers an additional database query.
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> *
</span><del style="background-color: #fdd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">- * Any scalar values will be returned as strings. You may coerce the return type of
- * a given option by registering an {@see 'option_$option'} filter callback.
</del><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+ * The type of the returned value can be different from the type that was passed
+ * when saving or updating the option. If the option value was serialized,
+ * then it will be unserialized when it is returned. In this case the type will
+ * be the same. For example, storing a non-scalar value like an array will
+ * return the same array.
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> *
</span><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+ * In most cases non-string scalar and null values will be converted and returned
+ * as string equivalents.
+ *
+ * Exceptions:
+ * 1. When the option has not been saved in the database, the default value
+ * {@see get_option} is returned if provided. If not, boolean `false` is returned.
+ * 2. When one of the Options API filters is used: {@see pre_option_{$option}},
+ * {@see default_option_{$option}}, and {@see option_{$option}}, the returned
+ * value may not match the expected type.
+ * 3. When the option has just been saved in the database, and {@see get_option}
+ * is used right after, non-string scalar and null values are not converted to
+ * string equivalents and the original type is returned.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ * When adding options like this: `add_option( 'my_option_name', 'value' );`
+ * and then retrieving them with `get_option( 'my_option_name' )`, the returned
+ * values will be:
+ *
+ * `false` returns `string(0) ""`
+ * `true` returns `string(1) "1"`
+ * `0` returns `string(1) "0"`
+ * `1` returns `string(1) "1"`
+ * `'0'` returns `string(1) "0"`
+ * `'1'` returns `string(1) "1"`
+ * `null` returns `string(0) ""`
+ *
+ * When adding options with non-scalar values like
+ * `add_option( 'my_array', array( false, 'str', null ) );`, the returned value
+ * will be identical to the original as it is serialized before saving
+ * it in the database:
+ *
+ * array(3) {
+ * [0] => bool(false)
+ * [1] => string(3) "str"
+ * [2] => NULL
+ * }
+ *
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> * @since 1.5.0
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> *
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
</span><span class="lines" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px; color: #888">@@ -25,8 +68,11 @@
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> *
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> * @param string $option Name of the option to retrieve. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> * @param mixed $default Optional. Default value to return if the option does not exist.
</span><del style="background-color: #fdd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">- * @return mixed Value set for the option. A value of any type may be returned, including
- * array, boolean, float, integer, null, object, and string.
</del><ins style="background-color: #dfd; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding: 0 10px">+ * @return mixed Value of the option. A value of any type may be returned, including
+ * scalar (string, boolean, float, integer), null, array, object.
+ * Scalar and null values will be returned as strings as long as they originate
+ * from a database stored option value. If there is no option in the database,
+ * boolean `false` is returned.
</ins><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> */
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> function get_option( $option, $default = false ) {
</span><span class="cx" style="display: block; padding: 0 10px"> global $wpdb;
</span></span></pre>
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